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    "description": "Boundary critique is the systematic examination of judgements about what and whom a situation, inquiry or proposal treats as relevant, including the facts, values, interests and voices those judgements admit or exclude.",
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    "why_it_matters": "Every systems intervention draws a boundary. Making that boundary discussable is a condition for responsible inquiry, especially when benefits and harms fall on people who did not define the system of concern.",
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      "boundary vs perimeter",
      "relevance vs existence",
      "involved vs affected",
      "fact and value as boundary-conditioned"
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      "Churchman's systems approach",
      "Ulrich's Critical Systems Heuristics",
      "systemic intervention"
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      "purpose",
      "stakeholder",
      "legitimacy"
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      "systemic marginalisation",
      "critical evaluation"
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      "testing beneficiaries and victims",
      "reviewing expertise claims"
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      "wider is always better",
      "all boundaries can be eliminated",
      "boundary critique guarantees inclusion"
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      "date": "2026-09-19",
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    {
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      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2023.06.040",
      "date": "2026-09-19",
      "notes": "Opening title and DOI; Crossref publisher metadata. Bibliographic identity matched; source text indexed. Identity and located teaching relationships are separated from automatic title matches and exact text mentions. A term appearing in a source is not proof of its definition, endorsement, influence, or logical dependence.",
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        "Angela Espinosa",
        "Gerald Midgley"
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      "licence": "source terms unless otherwise stated",
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      "date": "2026-09-19",
      "notes": "Opening title and DOI; Crossref publisher metadata. Bibliographic identity matched; source text indexed. Identity and located teaching relationships are separated from automatic title matches and exact text mentions. A term appearing in a source is not proof of its definition, endorsement, influence, or logical dependence.",
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        "Laura Colosi"
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      "date": "2026-09-19",
      "notes": "Opening title and DOI; Crossref publisher metadata. Bibliographic identity matched; source text indexed. Identity and located teaching relationships are separated from automatic title matches and exact text mentions. A term appearing in a source is not proof of its definition, endorsement, influence, or logical dependence.",
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      "date": "2026-09-19",
      "notes": "Opening title and DOI; Crossref publisher metadata. Bibliographic identity matched; source text indexed. Identity and located teaching relationships are separated from automatic title matches and exact text mentions. A term appearing in a source is not proof of its definition, endorsement, influence, or logical dependence.",
      "creators": [],
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      "isbn": "",
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      "licence": "source terms unless otherwise stated",
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      "notes": "Complete twelve-module discussion pro forma read. Suggestions may not have entered the launched course. Module-linked works remain bibliographic leads unless separately reviewed.",
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