{
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  "release": "0.35",
  "citation": "Taylor, B. P. (2026). Boundary. The Necessary Tangle, release 0.35. https://transduction.systems/entries/concept_boundary/",
  "licence": "CC BY-SA 4.0 for original atlas text and data; linked works retain their own terms",
  "entry": {
    "id": "concept_boundary",
    "label": "Boundary",
    "entity_type": "concept",
    "description": "A boundary makes inquiry and action possible by limiting what must be handled at once. It also externalises people, effects and responsibilities. Good systems work therefore treats boundary choice as practical, political and ethical.",
    "aliases": [
      "boundaries",
      "system boundary",
      "boundary judgment",
      "boundary judgement",
      "Boundaries",
      "System boundary"
    ],
    "boundary_ring": "0",
    "inclusion_reason": "v0_3_coherent_cluster",
    "status": "accepted",
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      "src_taylor_core_thinking_2026",
      "src_taylor_boundaries_convening_2025"
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      "systems",
      "critical_systems",
      "practice",
      "core_cluster",
      "unfix-32",
      "release_0_18"
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    "espoused_labels": [],
    "observed_clusters": [],
    "canonical_definition": "A purpose- and observer-dependent distinction that marks what is treated as inside, outside or marginal to a system of concern and thereby shapes explanation, legitimacy and intervention.",
    "valid_from": "",
    "valid_to": "",
    "external_ids": "{}",
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    "reviewed_at": "",
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    "y": 0.215319,
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    "public_stub_text": "",
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    "no_public_link_count": 1
  },
  "profile": {
    "node_id": "concept_boundary",
    "title": "Boundary",
    "profile_status": "evidence_deepened_research_pass",
    "canonical_definition": "A purpose- and observer-dependent distinction that marks what is treated as inside, outside or marginal to a system of concern and thereby shapes explanation, legitimacy and intervention.",
    "summary": "A boundary makes inquiry and action possible by limiting what must be handled at once. It also externalises people, effects and responsibilities. Good systems work therefore treats boundary choice as practical, political and ethical.",
    "why_it_matters": "Boundaries decide who counts, what becomes a cost, which outcomes are visible and where responsibility stops. Changing the boundary can change the apparent problem without changing any events.",
    "key_distinctions": [
      "system boundary vs organisational border",
      "analytic boundary vs operational boundary",
      "inside/outside vs centre/margin",
      "temporary focus vs reified entity",
      "boundary judgement vs boundary object"
    ],
    "historical_lineage": [
      "general systems and system/environment distinction",
      "critical systems heuristics",
      "systemic intervention and boundary critique",
      "boundary-spanning practice"
    ],
    "logical_antecedents": [
      "distinction",
      "observer",
      "purpose",
      "context"
    ],
    "dependent_subsequents": [
      "system of concern",
      "marginalisation",
      "transduction",
      "accountability",
      "intervention design"
    ],
    "practice_connections": [
      "state the current boundary and purpose",
      "ask who and what is excluded",
      "test wider and narrower boundaries",
      "strengthen, suspend, cross, reframe or change boundaries deliberately"
    ],
    "espoused_lineages": [
      "critical systems",
      "systemic intervention",
      "soft systems",
      "second-order cybernetics"
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    "common_misreadings": [
      "the boundary is obvious",
      "wider is always better",
      "open systems have no meaningful boundaries",
      "organisational charts define the system"
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      "Midgley's full boundary critique",
      "Ulrich and CSH",
      "boundary objects",
      "boundary work in convening"
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      "ev_taylor_boundary_work"
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    "last_researched": "2026-08-09",
    "review_status": "research_pass_needs_editor",
    "editorial_note": "Readable orientation and evidence-backed first pass. Named editorial review is still required before canonical acceptance."
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      "id": "src_ulrich_csh_mini_primer_2023",
      "title": "A Mini-Primer of Critical Systems Heuristics",
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      "url": "https://wulrich.com/csh.html",
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      "id": "src_triarchy_organic_systems_framework_2019",
      "title": "The Organic Systems Framework",
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      "url": "https://www.triarchypress.net/osf.html",
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      "title": "Cynefin — Cynefin.io",
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      "url": "https://cynefin.io/wiki/Cynefin",
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      "title": "Estuarine Mapping — The Cynefin Company",
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      "url": "https://thecynefin.co/estuarine-mapping/",
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      "notes": "Primary public introduction to Estuarine Mapping and its treatment of constraints and change. Later method material may supersede details; date and version should remain visible.",
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    {
      "id": "src_taylor_operating_manual_2026",
      "title": "Systems complexity cybernetics operating manual",
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      "url": "https://chosen-path.org/2021/10/06/transduction-a-powerful-and-important-concept-that-few-have-heard-of/",
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      "review_status": "research_pass_needs_editor",
      "last_checked": "2026-08-09",
      "public_link_status": "public_link"
    },
    {
      "id": "src_scio_cf_resources_2022",
      "title": "SCiO CF Resources v9 draft",
      "source_type": "professional_framework_resource_guide",
      "quality_tier": "C",
      "access": "no_public_link",
      "url": "",
      "date": "2022-09-15",
      "notes": "SCiO internal competency-resource draft; no public link. Public SCiO accreditation pages are linked separately where possible.",
      "creators": [
        "SCiO"
      ],
      "doi": "",
      "isbn": "",
      "publisher": "",
      "licence": "",
      "archived_url": "",
      "content_hash": "",
      "review_status": "pass4_legacy_internal_register_audit",
      "last_checked": "2026-08-14",
      "public_link_status": "no_public_link"
    },
    {
      "id": "src_go_science_toolkit_2023",
      "title": "An introductory systems thinking toolkit for civil servants",
      "source_type": "government_toolkit",
      "quality_tier": "A",
      "access": "public",
      "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/systems-thinking-for-civil-servants/toolkit",
      "date": "2023-01-12",
      "notes": "Official UK government introductory toolkit containing eleven named systems tools; explicitly non-comprehensive.",
      "creators": [],
      "doi": "",
      "isbn": "",
      "publisher": "",
      "licence": "",
      "archived_url": "",
      "content_hash": "",
      "review_status": "checked",
      "last_checked": "2026-08-09",
      "public_link_status": "public_link"
    },
    {
      "id": "src_practice_lab_systems_concepts",
      "title": "Systems concepts: make your boundary inspectable",
      "source_type": "practice_resource",
      "quality_tier": "A",
      "access": "public",
      "url": "https://transduction.systems/systems-thinking/practice/systems-concepts/",
      "date": "2026-09-07",
      "notes": "Original fictional exercise. A first rehearsal of boundaries, relationships, perspectives, feedback and emergence. It is not a complete treatment of systems philosophy or complexity science.",
      "creators": [
        "The Necessary Tangle editorial practice pack"
      ],
      "doi": "",
      "isbn": "",
      "publisher": "The Necessary Tangle",
      "licence": "Original practice text CC BY-SA 4.0; external material retains source terms",
      "archived_url": "",
      "content_hash": "",
      "review_status": "original_material_and_source_boundary_recorded",
      "last_checked": "2026-09-07",
      "public_link_status": "public_link"
    },
    {
      "id": "src_lib26_2f21acc4e6b4a09f",
      "title": "Service systems, citizen ecosystems, and the politics we deny",
      "source_type": "public_catalogue_record",
      "quality_tier": "C",
      "access": "public",
      "url": "https://antlerboy.com/library/files/preprints/2026-service-systems-citizen-ecosystems-and-the-politics-we-deny-v3-taylor.pdf",
      "date": "2026-09-19",
      "notes": "Public Antlerboy manifest. PDF text indexed; located concept terms, not a full scholarly review. Identity and located teaching relationships are separated from automatic title matches and exact text mentions. A term appearing in a source is not proof of its definition, endorsement, influence, or logical dependence.",
      "creators": [],
      "doi": "",
      "isbn": "",
      "publisher": "Benjamin P Taylor public work library",
      "licence": "source terms unless otherwise stated",
      "archived_url": "",
      "content_hash": "",
      "review_status": "located_public_record",
      "last_checked": "2026-09-19",
      "public_link_status": "public_link",
      "connection_pass": "library_20260919",
      "year": "2026"
    },
    {
      "id": "src_sp26_30f36de6718c38e2",
      "title": "Epistemological and empirical challenges of Niklas Luhmann’s systems theory: an interview with professors Álvaro Pires and Lukas Sosoe",
      "source_type": "public_catalogue_record",
      "quality_tier": "C",
      "access": "public",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-6172202109",
      "date": "2026-09-19",
      "notes": "Opening title and DOI; Crossref publisher metadata. Bibliographic identity matched; source text indexed. Identity and located teaching relationships are separated from automatic title matches and exact text mentions. A term appearing in a source is not proof of its definition, endorsement, influence, or logical dependence.",
      "creators": [
        "Álvaro Pires",
        "Lukas Sosoe",
        "Lucas Fucci Amato",
        "Marco Antonio Loschiavo Leme de Barros",
        "Gabriel Ferreira da Fonseca"
      ],
      "doi": "",
      "isbn": "",
      "publisher": "FapUNIFESP (SciELO)",
      "licence": "source terms unless otherwise stated",
      "archived_url": "",
      "content_hash": "",
      "review_status": "located_public_record",
      "last_checked": "2026-09-19",
      "public_link_status": "public_link",
      "connection_pass": "library_20260919",
      "year": "2021"
    },
    {
      "id": "src_sp26_5c47864d7584087a",
      "title": "Early-warning signals for critical transitions",
      "source_type": "public_catalogue_record",
      "quality_tier": "C",
      "access": "public",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08227",
      "date": "2026-09-19",
      "notes": "Opening title and DOI; Crossref publisher metadata. Bibliographic identity matched; source text indexed. Identity and located teaching relationships are separated from automatic title matches and exact text mentions. A term appearing in a source is not proof of its definition, endorsement, influence, or logical dependence.",
      "creators": [
        "Marten Scheffer",
        "Jordi Bascompte",
        "William A. Brock",
        "Victor Brovkin",
        "Stephen R. Carpenter",
        "Vasilis Dakos",
        "Hermann Held",
        "Egbert H. van Nes",
        "Max Rietkerk",
        "George Sugihara"
      ],
      "doi": "",
      "isbn": "",
      "publisher": "Springer Science and Business Media LLC",
      "licence": "source terms unless otherwise stated",
      "archived_url": "",
      "content_hash": "",
      "review_status": "located_public_record",
      "last_checked": "2026-09-19",
      "public_link_status": "public_link",
      "connection_pass": "library_20260919",
      "year": "2009"
    },
    {
      "id": "src_sp26_24a7d0cd7a17ecba",
      "title": "Introduction‐“Chaordic systems thinking” for learning organizations",
      "source_type": "public_catalogue_record",
      "quality_tier": "C",
      "access": "public",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1108/09696470410548773",
      "date": "2026-09-19",
      "notes": "Opening title and DOI; Crossref publisher metadata. Bibliographic identity matched; source text indexed. Identity and located teaching relationships are separated from automatic title matches and exact text mentions. A term appearing in a source is not proof of its definition, endorsement, influence, or logical dependence.",
      "creators": [
        "Frans M. van Eijnatten",
        "Goran D. Putnik"
      ],
      "doi": "",
      "isbn": "",
      "publisher": "Emerald",
      "licence": "source terms unless otherwise stated",
      "archived_url": "",
      "content_hash": "",
      "review_status": "located_public_record",
      "last_checked": "2026-09-19",
      "public_link_status": "public_link",
      "connection_pass": "library_20260919",
      "year": "2004"
    },
    {
      "id": "src_sp26_82aabbef7e96f5ee",
      "title": "Designing interagency responses to wicked problems: A viable system model board game",
      "source_type": "public_catalogue_record",
      "quality_tier": "C",
      "access": "public",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2023.06.040",
      "date": "2026-09-19",
      "notes": "Opening title and DOI; Crossref publisher metadata. Bibliographic identity matched; source text indexed. Identity and located teaching relationships are separated from automatic title matches and exact text mentions. A term appearing in a source is not proof of its definition, endorsement, influence, or logical dependence.",
      "creators": [
        "Pamela Sydelko",
        "Angela Espinosa",
        "Gerald Midgley"
      ],
      "doi": "",
      "isbn": "",
      "publisher": "Elsevier BV",
      "licence": "source terms unless otherwise stated",
      "archived_url": "",
      "content_hash": "",
      "review_status": "located_public_record",
      "last_checked": "2026-09-19",
      "public_link_status": "public_link",
      "connection_pass": "library_20260919",
      "year": "2024"
    },
    {
      "id": "src_sp26_582ee3907c844ea9",
      "title": "People and Systems — Creating Networks of System Leadership and Practice",
      "source_type": "public_catalogue_record",
      "quality_tier": "C",
      "access": "public",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.22324/ijhrdppr.4.105",
      "date": "2026-09-19",
      "notes": "Opening title and DOI; Crossref publisher metadata. Bibliographic identity matched; source text indexed. Identity and located teaching relationships are separated from automatic title matches and exact text mentions. A term appearing in a source is not proof of its definition, endorsement, influence, or logical dependence.",
      "creators": [
        "",
        "Steve Keyes",
        "Manraj Kehla",
        "",
        "Frances Storr",
        "",
        "John Walsh",
        ""
      ],
      "doi": "",
      "isbn": "",
      "publisher": "Walter de Gruyter GmbH",
      "licence": "source terms unless otherwise stated",
      "archived_url": "",
      "content_hash": "",
      "review_status": "located_public_record",
      "last_checked": "2026-09-19",
      "public_link_status": "public_link",
      "connection_pass": "library_20260919",
      "year": "2019"
    },
    {
      "id": "src_sp26_a63f52d3fe0bc7c0",
      "title": "Systems Approaches to Managing Change: A Practical Guide",
      "source_type": "public_catalogue_record",
      "quality_tier": "C",
      "access": "public",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-809-4",
      "date": "2026-09-19",
      "notes": "Opening title and DOI; Crossref publisher metadata. Bibliographic identity matched; source text indexed. Identity and located teaching relationships are separated from automatic title matches and exact text mentions. A term appearing in a source is not proof of its definition, endorsement, influence, or logical dependence.",
      "creators": [],
      "doi": "",
      "isbn": "",
      "publisher": "Springer London",
      "licence": "source terms unless otherwise stated",
      "archived_url": "",
      "content_hash": "",
      "review_status": "located_public_record",
      "last_checked": "2026-09-19",
      "public_link_status": "public_link",
      "connection_pass": "library_20260919",
      "year": "2010"
    },
    {
      "id": "src_sp26_9d21eb195a302c94",
      "title": "The dynamics of purposeful change: a model",
      "source_type": "public_catalogue_record",
      "quality_tier": "C",
      "access": "public",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-10243-230304",
      "date": "2026-09-19",
      "notes": "Opening title and DOI; Crossref publisher metadata. Bibliographic identity matched; source text indexed. Identity and located teaching relationships are separated from automatic title matches and exact text mentions. A term appearing in a source is not proof of its definition, endorsement, influence, or logical dependence.",
      "creators": [
        "Howard Silverman",
        "Gregory M. Hill"
      ],
      "doi": "",
      "isbn": "",
      "publisher": "Resilience Alliance, Inc.",
      "licence": "source terms unless otherwise stated",
      "archived_url": "",
      "content_hash": "",
      "review_status": "located_public_record",
      "last_checked": "2026-09-19",
      "public_link_status": "public_link",
      "connection_pass": "library_20260919",
      "year": "2018"
    },
    {
      "id": "src_sp26_6c03265c17b1f0bc",
      "title": "Response to paper “Systems Thinking” by D. Cabrera et al.: Systems thinking from a critical systems perspective",
      "source_type": "public_catalogue_record",
      "quality_tier": "C",
      "access": "public",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2008.04.004",
      "date": "2026-09-19",
      "notes": "Opening title and DOI; Crossref publisher metadata. Bibliographic identity matched; source text indexed. Identity and located teaching relationships are separated from automatic title matches and exact text mentions. A term appearing in a source is not proof of its definition, endorsement, influence, or logical dependence.",
      "creators": [
        "Martin Reynolds"
      ],
      "doi": "",
      "isbn": "",
      "publisher": "Elsevier BV",
      "licence": "source terms unless otherwise stated",
      "archived_url": "",
      "content_hash": "",
      "review_status": "located_public_record",
      "last_checked": "2026-09-19",
      "public_link_status": "public_link",
      "connection_pass": "library_20260919",
      "year": "2008"
    },
    {
      "id": "src_u31_bogdanov",
      "title": "Bogdanov: organisation and its changing boundaries: researcher module",
      "source_type": "public_source",
      "quality_tier": "B",
      "access": "public",
      "url": "https://rational-understanding.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/bogdanov-researcher-module.pdf",
      "date": "2026",
      "notes": "John A Challoner’s version 1 reconstruction, 30 September 2026. General and specialised definitions/propositions are labelled separately; original-author wording is not implied.",
      "creators": [
        "John A Challoner"
      ],
      "doi": "",
      "isbn": "",
      "publisher": "Rational Understanding",
      "licence": "source terms unless otherwise stated",
      "archived_url": "",
      "content_hash": "7a8fc7cf51ad4f92932c3e08ebd31649508f30304a9e48215fe86b0c893d9546",
      "review_status": "source_scoped_research_pass",
      "last_checked": "2026-10-08",
      "public_link_status": "public_link",
      "connection_pass": "update_20261008",
      "source_locator": "Complete PDF, 7 pages; specific claims carry page and proposition references",
      "source_role": "secondary reconstruction",
      "pages_read": 7
    },
    {
      "id": "src_u33_ashby_laboratory",
      "title": "Ashby Laboratory",
      "source_type": "public_source",
      "quality_tier": "B",
      "access": "public",
      "url": "https://ashby-laboratory.benjaming98765.chatgpt.site/",
      "date": "2026",
      "notes": "An independent interactive learning resource adapting concepts from W. Ross Ashby's An Introduction to Cybernetics (1956). Authorship of the original book belongs to Ashby; the modern exercises are adaptations. 56 exercises across chapters 3–6 and 45 glossary entries. Public content.js, app.js and engine.js inspected; full interactive correctness and accessibility testing are not claimed.",
      "creators": [],
      "doi": "",
      "isbn": "",
      "publisher": "Ashby Laboratory",
      "licence": "source terms unless otherwise stated",
      "archived_url": "",
      "content_hash": "",
      "review_status": "source_scoped_research_pass",
      "last_checked": "2026-10-18",
      "public_link_status": "public_link",
      "connection_pass": "update_20261018",
      "source_locator": "Public chapter collections and exercise names in content.js; app.js navigation and engine.js inspected"
    },
    {
      "id": "src_u34_42_boxes",
      "title": "Between the Boxes",
      "source_type": "public_source",
      "quality_tier": "B",
      "access": "public",
      "url": "https://42systemicreview.org/papers/between-the-boxes",
      "date": "2026",
      "notes": "The review examines how a bounded air-traffic-control failure can propagate through a wider aviation system. Its system boundary and account of cross-organisational responsibility are analytical choices, separate from a technical incident investigation.",
      "creators": [],
      "doi": "",
      "isbn": "",
      "publisher": "Original author or publisher",
      "licence": "source terms unless otherwise stated",
      "archived_url": "",
      "content_hash": "",
      "review_status": "source_scoped_research_pass",
      "last_checked": "2026-10-24",
      "public_link_status": "public_link",
      "connection_pass": "update_20261024",
      "source_locator": "Executive Summary; Findings; System Framing and Method"
    },
    {
      "id": "src_u34_42_health",
      "title": "Neighbourhood Health and Care: Building the System Before the Structure",
      "source_type": "public_source",
      "quality_tier": "B",
      "access": "public",
      "url": "https://42systemicreview.org/papers/neighbourhood-health-and-care",
      "date": "2026",
      "notes": "The review treats neighbourhood working as the formation of a viable system across established organisations. It examines autonomy, coordination, and stabilising organisational feedback; its policy and causal claims remain attributed to the paper.",
      "creators": [],
      "doi": "",
      "isbn": "",
      "publisher": "Original author or publisher",
      "licence": "source terms unless otherwise stated",
      "archived_url": "",
      "content_hash": "",
      "review_status": "source_scoped_research_pass",
      "last_checked": "2026-10-24",
      "public_link_status": "public_link",
      "connection_pass": "update_20261024",
      "source_locator": "Executive Summary; Findings; System Framing and Method"
    },
    {
      "id": "src_u35_varela_maturana_uribe_1974",
      "title": "Autopoiesis: The Organization of Living Systems, Its Characterization and a Model",
      "source_type": "primary_text",
      "quality_tier": "A",
      "access": "public",
      "url": "https://homepages.math.uic.edu/~kauffman/MUV.pdf",
      "date": "1974",
      "notes": "Full ten-page primary-paper scan inspected on Louis Kauffman's University of Illinois Chicago page. Section 3 defines the organisation; section 9 gives an operational identification key. The model is an illustration of the proposed organisation, not empirical validation of all biological or social applications. The paper's algorithm was not independently rerun. Publisher redirect was inaccessible; university-hosted scan worked. Existing publication_fpcs_048 is reused.",
      "creators": [
        "F. G. Varela",
        "H. R. Maturana",
        "R. Uribe"
      ],
      "doi": "10.1016/0303-2647(74)90031-8",
      "isbn": "",
      "publisher": "BioSystems 5(4), pp. 187–196",
      "licence": "source terms unless otherwise stated",
      "archived_url": "",
      "content_hash": "",
      "review_status": "passage_checked_research_pass",
      "last_checked": "2026-10-29",
      "public_link_status": "public_link",
      "connection_pass": "depth_20261029",
      "source_locator": "Sections 2–4, pp. 187–189; section 7, pp. 191–192; section 9, pp. 192–193",
      "access_note": "The model is an illustration of the proposed organisation, not empirical validation of all biological or social applications. The paper's algorithm was not independently rerun. Publisher redirect was inaccessible; university-hosted scan worked. Existing publication_fpcs_048 is reused."
    }
  ],
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      "id": "ev_midgley_boundary_critique",
      "source_id": "src_midgley_systemic_intervention_2023",
      "locator": "abstract and account of the approach",
      "review_status": "research_pass_needs_editor"
    },
    {
      "id": "ev_taylor_core_distinctions_boundaries",
      "source_id": "src_taylor_core_thinking_2026",
      "locator": "sections beginning 'systems work is not mapping the system' and 'a system boundary is not innocent'",
      "review_status": "research_pass_needs_editor"
    },
    {
      "id": "ev_taylor_boundary_work",
      "source_id": "src_taylor_boundaries_convening_2025",
      "locator": "slides 2, 4 and 6",
      "review_status": "research_pass_needs_editor"
    },
    {
      "id": "ev_taylor_operating_manual_tests",
      "source_id": "src_taylor_operating_manual_2026",
      "locator": "boundary, evidence, power, dynamics, variety, second-order and ethics tests",
      "review_status": "research_pass_needs_editor"
    },
    {
      "id": "ev_taylor_transduction_practice",
      "source_id": "src_taylor_transduction_2021",
      "locator": "sections on Beer, organisational boundaries and coding/decoding",
      "review_status": "research_pass_needs_editor"
    },
    {
      "id": "ev_e31_module_bogdanov_3",
      "source_id": "src_u31_bogdanov",
      "locator": "p. 3, DG8; p. 4, PG4",
      "review_status": "research_pass_needs_editor"
    },
    {
      "id": "ev_e31_concept_3",
      "source_id": "src_u31_bogdanov",
      "locator": "p. 3, DG8; p. 4, PG4",
      "review_status": "research_pass_needs_editor"
    },
    {
      "id": "ev35_edge_e35_autopoiesis_boundary_condition_1",
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      "locator": "Section 7, pp. 191–192; section 9, points 4–6, p. 193",
      "review_status": "research_pass_needs_editor"
    }
  ],
  "reuse_note": "Preserve source attribution, scope, and review status. Source documents and evidence excerpts are excluded."
}
